A permanent residence permit (Niederlassungserlaubnis) in Germany gives you the right to live and work in the country for an indefinite period of time.

The right to receive Niederlassungserlaubnis

• Period of residence. As a rule, persons must have held a temporary residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis) for at least five years to be eligible for permanent residence. However, under certain circumstances, such as knowledge of the German language or integration efforts, it is possible to apply earlier.
• Integration requirements. Applicants must demonstrate integration into German society, including a sufficient level of language proficiency (usually at least B1) and knowledge of the legal and social system.
• Financial stability. Applicants must prove that they are financially stable and able to support themselves and their dependents without relying on social assistance.

Benefits of obtaining Niederlassungserlaubnis

• Unlimited residence. A permanent residence permit allows unlimited stay in Germany without the need for further extension or renewal.
• Employment and self-employment. Permanent residence permit holders have unrestricted access to the German labor market and can work or start their own business without restrictions.
• Social security. Permanent residents are entitled to social benefits, such as health insurance, pension contributions and unemployment benefits, in the same way as German citizens.

Applying for a permanent residence permit (Niederlassungserlaubnis)

1. Determine whether you meet the criteria for a permanent residence permit based on your specific circumstances, such as length of residence, employment status or family ties. For more information, please visit the official website of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) or contact your local foreigner registration office (Ausländerbehörde).

2. Gather the necessary documents. Specific documents may vary depending on your situation, but general requirements include a valid passport, proof of residence, documents from your place of work or self-employment, financial statements, language certificates, and other supporting materials.

3. Obtain a permanent residence application form at the local foreigner registration office or download it from the official website. Fill out the form accurately and provide all the required information.

4. Submit the completed application form and supporting documents to the local foreigner registration department responsible for your region of residence. It is advisable to make an appointment in advance to ensure a smooth application process.

5. Pay the applicable fees for processing your permanent residence application. The amount of the fee may vary, so check with the Office for Foreigners for the current fee schedule and payment methods.

6. You may be required to attend a meeting or interview at the Office for Foreigners' Registration. This is an opportunity for the immigration service to collect additional information, clarify any questions or evaluate your integration efforts.

7. The Foreigners' Registration Service will review your application, check the documents provided and assess your eligibility for a permanent residence permit. Processing time may vary depending on the volume of work and complexity of your case.

8. After the decision on your application is made, you will receive a notification from the Office for Foreigners. In case of a positive decision, you will receive a permanent residence permit. If additional documents or further steps are required, you will be informed about this.

9. If your application is successful, visit the Foreigners' Registration Office to obtain your permanent residence permit. Make sure that all the information in the permit is accurate and matches your data.

Required documents

When applying for permanent residence (Niederlassungserlaubnis) in Germany, you will need to provide several documents to support your application. While the specific requirements may vary depending on individual circumstances and the type of residence permit you currently hold, here are some common documents that are often requested:

• Valid passport. You will need to submit your valid passport or travel document. It must be valid for at least a few months.
• Biometric passport photos. Provide recent passport-size photos that meet the requirements set by the German authorities.
• Application for permanent residence. Fill in the application form for a permanent residence permit, which can be obtained from your local foreigner registration office (Ausländerbehörde) or downloaded from their official website.
• Proof of residence. Provide proof of your residence in Germany, such as a rental agreement, utility bills, or a certificate of registration (Meldebescheinigung).
• Documents on employment or self-employment. If you are employed, include documents such as employment contracts, pay stubs, or confirmation letters from your employer. If you are self-employed, provide relevant business registration documents, tax certificates, and financial statements.
• Financial documents. Provide evidence of financial stability, such as bank statements, income statements, or investment documents, to demonstrate your ability to support yourself and your dependents.
• Language skills. You may be required to demonstrate your knowledge of German, usually at B1 level or higher. This can be proven by language course certificates, language test results (e.g. Goethe-Zertifikat) or other recognized language qualifications.
• Integration documents. Include documents that demonstrate your integration into German society, such as participation in integration courses, volunteer work, or certificates of participation in community activities.
• Health insurance. Provide proof of valid health insurance from a public or private insurance company.
• Other supporting documents. Depending on your specific circumstances, additional documents may be required. These may include educational documents, marriage or birth certificates, criminal record certificates (Führungszeugnis), or any other relevant documentation.

The following persons are eligible to apply for a family residence permit in Germany

Spouse or registered partner of a German citizen/resident.

Unmarried and minor child of a German citizen/resident.

Parents/legal guardians of an unmarried, minor German citizen.

PLEASE NOTE, if you are a citizen of one of the following countries, you do not need to obtain a residence permit to join your family members. You only need to register with the German authorities upon arrival:

• countries of the European Union
• Countries of the European Economic Area
• Australia
• Canada
• Israel
• Japan
• New Zealand
• Republic of South Korea
• United States of America

If you are not a citizen of any of the countries listed above, you will first need a visa to Germany. Remember that you cannot apply for a residence permit if you are entering Germany with a tourist or other type of visa.

To travel to the country, you will need a German family reunification visa. There are steps you need to follow to get this visa.

The visa application process consists of the following steps:

• Filling out the questionnaire.
• Gathering the necessary documents for a family reunification visa to Germany.
• Setting up a visa interview.
• Visa fee is 75 euros.

Documents required for an electronic family residence permit in Germany:

• Standard documents required to obtain a residence permit in Germany.
• Legal address. Bring proof of registration of your address in Germany on the day you apply for a residence permit.
• Health insurance. Health insurance in Germany is compulsory for everyone applying for a residence permit. Make sure that your insurance is acceptable in Germany and covers accidents, illness and repatriation in case of death.
• Proof of German language proficiency at least A1 level.
• Confirmation for spouse/registered partner:
• A certificate of registration or marriage certified by a foreign officer. It must be translated into German and legalized at the German embassy.
• If your spouse has German citizenship, you must provide a copy of her German passport and identity card.
• If your spouse is not German and resides in Germany, you must provide proof of legal residence and their passport.
• Proof for children:
• A birth certificate.
• Confirmation of the child's citizenship.
• Confirmation of the right to custody and guardianship of one of the parents living in Germany.

Payment of the visa fee

You will need to pay a fee for processing your application for a German residence permit. The cost of a family residence permit in Germany ranges from 56 to 100 euros. Children will have to pay a lower fee of 28 to 50 euros.

You can apply for a German Blue Card if you meet the following conditions:

• You have a German degree or diploma recognized by Germany.
• You already have a job offer from an employer in Germany.
• Have at least five years of relevant work experience.
• Adhere to the minimum wage level.

Relevant professions

The EU Blue Card can be obtained for the following categories:

• Highly qualified employees.
• Researchers.
• Students.
• Vocational trainees.
• Seasonal workers (in addition to the EU Blue Card).
• Intra-corporate persons .

The process of obtaining a blue card for Germany is as follows:

1. Find a job.
2. Apply for a German work visa and travel to Germany.
3. Apply for a work permit.
4. Register your address.
5. Get health insurance.
6. Collect the necessary documents.
7. Apply for a Blue Card at the German Immigration Service.

The documents you have to provide when applying for a German Blue Card include:

• Your passport.
• Your most recent biometric photo. Make sure it meets the requirements of the Federal Printing Service.
• Application form. Since the EU Blue Card is technically a residence permit, you need to fill out an "Antrag auf Erteilung eines Aufenthaltstitels" (application for a residence permit).
• Declaration of employment relationship. In German, it is known as Erklärung zum Beschäftigungsverhältnis; your employer must fill out this form.
• Your original employment contract or job offer.
• Proof of your residence in Germany.
• Certificate of registration or
• A lease agreement and written confirmation of accommodation from the landlord.
• Original university or college diploma.
• Evaluation certificate (Zeugnisbewertung). If required.
• Permit for professional practice. If required.
• If you have state health insurance:
• Electronic medical record.
• The latest proof of health insurance.
• If you have private health insurance:
• A certificate from a health insurance company with details of your insurance.
• Confirmation of payment of fees.

After you have completed the previous steps and received the relevant documents, you will be able to apply for an EU Blue Card at your local immigration office (known as Ausländerbehörde in German).

The process is as follows:

1. Make an appointment with Ausländerbehörde. Each German state has its own.
2. Complete the application file. This includes your documents, application forms, and any required fees.
3. On the day of your appointment, submit everything to the Ausländerbehörde.
4. Wait for your application to be processed. You cannot start working until you receive your German Blue Card.

Germany has implemented various measures to grant residence permits to refugees seeking asylum in the country. The residence permit for refugees in Germany is commonly known as the "Aufenthaltserlaubnis" or "Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz" (Asylum Seekers Act).

Stages of obtaining a residence permit for refugees

1. Arrival and registration

Upon arrival in Germany, refugees must undergo a registration procedure with the relevant authorities: it involves providing personal information such as name, date of birth, country of origin and reasons for seeking asylum.

2. Application for asylum

Refugees must submit an asylum application to the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge - BAMF). This application is considered in order to determine the right to international protection. It is very important to provide detailed information and supporting evidence about the reasons for seeking asylum.

3. Interview and documentation

After submitting an asylum application, refugees are usually invited to an interview at the migration office. During the interview, they will have the opportunity to explain their situation in more detail. The interview is conducted by an employee of the BAMF or an authorized representative. The information provided during the interview is documented and taken into account in the decision-making process.

4. Initial decision

Based on the asylum application and the interview, the migration office makes an initial decision on refugee status. This decision may lead to one of several outcomes: refugee recognition, subsidiary protection, humanitarian protection, or refusal of refugee status. The decision is communicated to the refugee in writing.

5. Residence permit

If a refugee has been granted protection (refugee recognition, subsidiary protection or humanitarian protection), he or she is entitled to a residence permit. The specific type of residence permit depends on the status of protection and the duration of the protection granted. A temporary residence permit allows refugees to legally stay in Germany for a specified period of time.

Integration activities

In addition to the residence permit, Germany offers various integration measures to support refugees in the process of adaptation and settlement. These measures include language courses, vocational training, employment assistance and social support services. The aim is to facilitate the integration of refugees into German society and help them to rebuild their lives.

Extension of a residence permit

A temporary residence permit for refugees is usually granted for a limited period of time, which depends on the protection status granted. Prior to the expiration of the residence permit, refugees must apply for its extension if they are still in need of international protection. The extension process involves the submission of updated information and documents confirming the continued need for protection.

How to obtain German citizenship?

In order to apply for German citizenship, you must clearly understand whether you have legal grounds for doing so. These include:

• Marriage to a German citizen;
• They were born in Germany;
• If you have German roots;
• If the foreigner is Jewish;
• As a result of many years of living in the country.

Marriage to a German citizen

If you are married to a German citizen, you are eligible to apply for German citizenship. As a rule, you must have been married for at least two years and have lived in Germany for at least three years. However, the residence requirement can be reduced to two years if you have successfully completed an integration course (or to one year in exceptional cases). It is important to note that divorce before the end of the required period may affect your eligibility for the program.

Born in Germany

If you were born on or after January 1, 2000, in Germany and your parents have lived in Germany for at least eight years at the time of your birth, you are a German citizen by birth. If only one parent has lived in Germany for at least eight years, he or she must have a valid residence permit.

German roots (origin)

If you can prove that you have German ancestors, such as parents or grandparents, you may be eligible for German citizenship by descent (Recht des Blutes). This process usually requires the provision of documents such as birth certificates, passports and other relevant records to establish your family connection to Germany.

Recognition of Jewish identity

Persons who can prove that they or their ancestors were victims of National Socialist persecution because of their Jewish origin may be eligible for German citizenship under Article 116(2) of the German Basic Law. This provision allows for the restoration of citizenship to those who were deprived of it during the Nazi era.

How many years do I need to live in Germany to apply for citizenship?

Unless otherwise provided by law and there are no problems, after eight years of continuous residence in the country, you can apply for citizenship. The grounds are:

• Niederlassungserlaubnis is an indefinite residence permit;
• Blue Card EU - Blue Card for highly qualified specialists in their field;
• Aufenthaltserlaubnis is a temporary permit.

You must meet all the requirements listed below:

• Good knowledge of German;
• Respect and recognition of the values of the state enshrined in the Constitution;
• Renouncing his citizenship in favor of German;
• The level of income that will allow you to provide for yourself and your family if you do not receive social benefits;
• Successfully passing the citizenship test;
• No criminal record;
• When applying for citizenship, you must have a valid residence permit.

Possibility of Ermessenseinsbürgerung - granting citizenship at the discretion

In exceptional cases, even if all the points are not met, a foreigner may be granted citizenship at the discretion of the state. This applies to those non-residents who are of interest to Germany. These can be artists, scientists or high-tech workers. In any case, the state must be willing to grant citizenship to this person. But the minimum requirements must still be met.

One of the requirements for obtaining German citizenship is the renunciation of previous citizenship;

To begin with, you need to find out where the office dealing with foreign nationals is located. In Germany, it is generally called the Einbürgerungsbehörde, but the names may differ from city to city. To find out where to bring your documents, you can contact one of the local offices:

• The Ausländerbehörde has a department for non-residents;
• The Jugendmigrationsdienste has information centers for young people;
• Migrationsberatung für erwachsene Zuwanderer - information centers for adults;
• In local governments.

Required documents

• Application form (Antrag auf Einbürgerung). If it was not filled out during the interview, it should be filled out and submitted with the package of documents;
• A copy of all pages of the passport with stamps;
• A copy of a document proving that you have a residence permit in Germany;
• The applicant's birth certificate;
• Documents on marital status as of today and documents confirming its change throughout time;
• Certificate of no criminal record (Führungszeugnis);
• Confirmation of the family's financial situation in the form of certificates, bank statements;
• Autobiography;
• Receipt for payment of the fee € 190;
• Proof of German language proficiency;
• Results of the citizenship exam.

Mandatory payments include:

The fee for processing an application for citizenship is 255 euros. 190 euros are paid at the time of submission of documents and are not refundable even in case of refusal. And if the decision is positive, you need to pay an additional 65 euros;

If the documents are drawn up for a person under the age of 16, the fee is 51 euros.

Can a foreigner be denied citizenship?

Of course, such a possibility exists. But most often, the reason is the applicants themselves, who have violated one or more important points, for example:

• Providing false information;
• Submission of an incomplete package of documents;
• Incorrectly filled out documents, making mistakes;
• Providing forged documents;
• Violation of German law in the process of processing the application.

Citizenship by naturalization in Germany is a process by which foreigners can acquire German citizenship. Naturalization is available to persons who meet certain requirements set out in the German Nationality Act (Staatsangehörigkeitsgesetz).

The right to naturalization

In order to be eligible for naturalization, you must generally meet the following criteria:

1. Residence requirement. You must legally reside in Germany for a certain period of time, which is usually eight years. However, this period can be reduced to seven years if you have successfully completed an integration course (or to six years in exceptional cases, such as special integration efforts or language skills).

2. Good behavior. You must demonstrate good behavior, i.e., no serious criminal offenses and no criminal record.

3. Sufficient income and financial stability. You must prove that you have a reliable livelihood without relying on social assistance.

4. Knowledge of the German language. You must demonstrate a sufficient level of German language proficiency by passing a language test, which usually consists of written and oral components. Exceptions exist for persons who have physical or mental disabilities that prevent them from fulfilling this requirement.

5. Knowledge of German society, legal system and living conditions. You are required to have knowledge of the legal system, society and living conditions in Germany. This knowledge is assessed through the naturalization test, which covers various topics related to Germany.

6. Renunciation of previous citizenship(s). Germany requires renunciation of previous nationality(ies) when acquiring German citizenship. However, there are exceptions for persons from countries that do not allow or require renunciation of citizenship, or for persons who would face significant difficulties if they renounced their previous citizenship.

Submitting an application for naturalization 

1. Application and documents

If you meet the requirements, you can apply for naturalization at the local naturalization office (Einbürgerungsbehörde) or immigration office (Ausländerbehörde) in your region. The application usually requires various documents, such as proof of residence, identity documents, birth certificate, marriage certificate (if applicable), language proficiency certificates, and proof of income or financial stability.

2. Processing and solutions

Once you submit your application, the Office of Naturalization will review your case. They may conduct background checks, interviews, and verify the authenticity of your documents. If your application is approved, you will receive a naturalization certificate (Einbürgerungsurkunde).

3. Oath of Allegiance

As part of the naturalization process, you must take an oath of allegiance to the German Constitution and the principles of a democratic and social state.

Dual citizenship

Germany does not encourage dual citizenship. However, it does allow exceptions for certain cases, such as for citizens of EU countries or countries with which it has concluded relevant bilateral agreements. It is important to consult the relevant authorities to understand the rules and consequences of dual citizenship.

If you are planning to immigrate to Germany, here are some tips and tricks to help you navigate the process more efficiently:

1. Begin by thoroughly researching the immigration requirements, visa types, and residence permits that apply to your situation. Understand the specific conditions, documentation, and processes involved in the process. Create a clear plan and timeline to guide you through your immigration journey.

2. Learning German is crucial for successful integration into German society. Invest time and effort in improving your language skills before you arrive in Germany. Take advantage of language courses and resources available in your home country or online.

3. Research the German labor market and find out the demand for your skills and qualifications. Make sure that your education, work experience and professional qualifications meet the requirements of the German labor market. Consider having your foreign qualifications recognized or evaluated by the relevant authorities in Germany.

4. Calculate your expected expenses and create a financial plan to support yourself during the initial stages of immigration. Consider the cost of living, accommodation, healthcare, transportation and other necessary expenses. Research potential sources of financial support, such as scholarships, grants, or funding programs available to immigrants.

5. Familiarize yourself with German culture, customs and social norms. Understanding and respecting cultural differences will make your integration into German society easier. Consider participating in integration courses offered by the German authorities to learn about German laws, values and society.

6. Identify local resources and support services available to immigrants in Germany. These may include language schools, employment agencies, community centers, and cultural associations. These resources can provide guidance, support, and valuable information to help you with your integration process:

• Many cities in Germany have Welcome Centers (Willkommenszentren) or Integration Centers (Integrationszentren). These centers provide information, counseling and integration courses for immigrants. Integration courses usually include language training, an introduction to German society and culture, and help in navigating everyday life in Germany.
• Numerous volunteer organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Germany work to support immigrants. These organizations offer a range of services, such as language tutoring, integration programs, counseling, legal assistance and social support. Examples of such organizations include Caritas, Diaconia, the Red Cross and local refugee assistance groups.
• Several online platforms and portals provide comprehensive information and resources for immigrants in Germany. Websites such as the "Make it in Germany" website (www.make-it-in-germany.com) and the "Federal Office for Migration and Refugees" (www.bamf.de), offer information on various topics, including visa requirements, employment opportunities, integration programs and life in Germany.

7. Stay informed about changes in German immigration policy, laws and regulations. Regularly visit official government websites, subscribe to newsletters and follow reliable sources of information to stay informed of any updates or changes that may affect your immigration plans:

1) The Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Housing (Bundesministerium des Innern, für Bau und Heimat). The ministry's website (www.bmi.bund.de) contains information on immigration and integration policy, asylum procedures, and relevant laws and regulations. Resources are available in several languages, including English.

2) The Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge - BAMF). The BAMF website offers information on asylum procedures, residence permits, integration courses and language requirements. Forms and brochures can also be downloaded here.

3) Local Aliens Office (Ausländerbehörde). Every city or region in Germany has a local foreigners' office that is responsible for immigration matters. By visiting their official website or contacting them directly, you will receive information on residence permits, visa applications and local regulations specific to the region.

4) Information and counseling centers for migrants. These centers, known as Migrationsberatungsstellen, are located throughout Germany and provide information, advice and support to immigrants. They can offer advice on immigration law, integration measures, language courses and social services. You can find the nearest center in your area by searching online or by contacting your local municipal office.

5) Online forums and communities. Participating in online forums and communities dedicated to immigration and life in Germany can give you valuable information about immigration and life in Germany. Platforms such as Toytown Germany (www.toytowngermany.com) or Expat.com (www.expat.com) have active forums where people share their experiences, ask questions and give advice on various immigration-related topics.