Work visa to Moldova for Americans

A work visa (D/AM) is issued to US citizens who plan to work in Moldova under an employment contract. It can also be issued to those who come for temporary work, work seasonally, are sent by their employer, work under a contract on a business trip, or plan to work in sports clubs or teams in Moldova.

How can US citizens obtain a work visa to Moldova?

The process of obtaining a work visa to Moldova consists of several stages:

1. Obtaining a work permit. The first step is to obtain a work permit, which allows your employer to apply for your work visa. The work permit is obtained by the employer by submitting an application to the National Employment Agency of Moldova. Without this permit, a visa cannot be issued.
2. Preparing documents for a work visa. Once the work permit has been obtained, you can start gathering the documents to apply for a work visa.
3. Submitting an application to the consulate. When all the documents are ready, you need to submit an application for a work visa to the Moldovan consulate in your country of residence. It is important to do this in advance — you usually need to submit your application 1-2 months before your planned travel date.
4. Payment of the consular fee. When submitting your documents, you will need to pay the consular fee. The fee for a work visa is usually €40-50. Keep the payment receipt, as you will need it for the rest of the process.
5. Waiting for your application to be reviewed. After you submit your application and documents, the consulate will review them. The process can take up to 20 business days. During this time, the consulate will verify the accuracy of the documents and make a decision on whether to issue a work visa.
6. Obtaining a visa and traveling to Moldova. If your work visa is approved, you will receive it in your passport, after which you can travel to Moldova. Be sure to check the visa's expiration date and that all the necessary stamps are in your passport.
7. Registration on site and obtaining a residence permit. Upon arrival in Moldova, you will need to register your place of residence with the state authorities and obtain a residence permit that corresponds to the term of your work visa. This can usually be done within 30 days of arrival.

What documents do US citizens need for a work visa to Moldova?

• Visa application form
• Passport issued no more than 10 years ago and valid for at least 3 months longer than the planned date of departure from the Republic of Moldova
• Recent color photo, 35 mm x 45 mm
• Decision on granting a work permit
• Proof of means of subsistence (bank statement issued no later than 10 days before the application, with a minimum coverage of 30 euros/day of stay, but not less than 300 euros for stays of less than 10 days), or, if necessary, a commitment to provide maintenance and accommodation, completed and signed by a person from the Republic of Moldova
• Certificate of good conduct from the country of origin, translated into Romanian or English and legalized or apostilled
• Medical insurance valid in the Republic of Moldova, covering the entire period of stay and all costs related to repatriation for medical reasons, emergency treatment and/or hospitalization if necessary, as well as covering the costs of death, but not less than 30,000 euros
• Consular fee — €40 (plus additional fees, if applicable)

Residence permit in Moldova for Americans

A residence permit in Moldova is an official document that grants US citizens the right to permanent or temporary residence in the country. For those who plan to stay in Moldova longer than the visa-free regime allows, or for persons working in the country, a residence permit is a necessary step after obtaining a work visa.

What types of residence permits are available in Moldova for Americans?

1. Temporary residence permit. Submitted by US citizens who plan to stay in Moldova for more than 90 days. The permit is issued for a period of 1 year and can be extended.
2. Permanent residence permit. Allows foreigners to reside in the country on a permanent basis. It is usually obtained by those who have been residing in the country for 5 years on the basis of a temporary residence permit.

How can US citizens obtain a residence permit in Moldova?

1. Applying for a residence permit. Once you have obtained a work visa and/or work permit, you must apply for a residence permit at the Migration Department of the Republic of Moldova. The application must be submitted in person or through an authorized representative.

2. Required documents. To obtain a residence permit, you must provide certain documents:

• medical certificate of health and HIV/AIDS antibody test results (original),
• copy of passport and passport supplement + stamp of registration with the DVP MVS and valid visa,
• copy of marriage (divorce) certificate,
• spouse's identity card, copy,
• reasoned opinion of the employment service,
• copy of the employment contract,
• written consent of the person providing accommodation, signed by a notary,
• copy of the document on education, specialty,
• 3 photos 5x6,
• receipt confirming payment of the state fee.

3. Procedure for obtaining.

• Submit an application to the Migration Department of Moldova along with all the necessary documents.
• Undergo a medical examination, if required (in the case of certain categories of foreigners).
• After submitting the application, your case will be reviewed, and you will be granted a residence permit (if all conditions are met).

Application processing time

It usually takes 1 to 2 months to process an application, depending on the volume of documents submitted and the country's specifications.

Extension of residence permits in Moldova for US citizens

Temporary residence permits are issued for a period of 1 to 5 years, depending on your status in the country. If you plan to stay in Moldova for a longer period, you need to submit a new application 2-3 months before the expiration of your residence permit.

Moldova can be an attractive country for employment of foreigners for several reasons

• Cost of living: Moldova has a relatively low cost of living compared to many European countries. The costs of housing, transportation, food and entertainment are generally more affordable, allowing you to achieve a higher standard of living on a smaller budget.
• Emerging market:Moldova is considered an emerging market with potential for economic growth. As the country continues to develop, there are opportunities for foreign professionals to contribute to various sectors and industries, especially in areas such as IT, finance, agriculture and tourism.
• Strategic location: Moldova's location in Eastern Europe provides access to regional markets and business opportunities. Its proximity to other European countries, such as Romania and Ukraine, can be beneficial for cross-border cooperation and trade.
• Language advantage:Moldova is a bilingual country where Romanian and Russian are widely spoken. Foreigners who are proficient in one or both languages may have an advantage in accessing employment opportunities and building relationships with local colleagues and clients.
• Cultural Diversity: Moldova's diverse cultural heritage and openness to international influences create a favorable environment for foreigners. The population of the country is known for its hospitality and friendliness, which makes it easier for foreigners to adapt and integrate into the local community.
• Opportunities for investment and entrepreneurship: Moldova is actively working to attract foreign investment and encourage entrepreneurship. There are initiatives and programs to support start-ups, innovation and business development that can create opportunities for foreign professionals looking to start their own business or contribute to an existing business.
• Quality of life:Moldova boasts beautiful landscapes, including vineyards, countryside and historical sites. The country offers a relaxed lifestyle, with opportunities for outdoor activities, cultural events and exploring its rich history and traditions.

What professions are in demand in Moldova?

Moldova has a special demand for professionals in various fields, due to its economic development and specific needs:

• Information Technology (IT):Moldova has a growing IT industry and there is a demand for skilled IT professionals, including software developers, programmers, system administrators, cybersecurity specialists and IT project managers.
• Engineering: Moldova's construction and engineering sectors are expanding, creating a demand for foreign professionals with experience in construction, architecture, electrical, mechanical, and project management.
• Healthcare and medical services: Moldova's healthcare sector values foreign medical professionals, especially specialists in areas such as dentistry, surgery, internal medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, and radiology. There is also a demand for nurses and healthcare administrators.
• Education:Educational institutions in Moldova, including universities and international schools, sometimes look for foreign specialists for teaching and administrative positions. English teachers and foreign language teachers are also in demand.
• Business and Finance: Moldova's business and finance sector offers opportunities for foreign professionals with experience in finance, accounting, business development, marketing and international trade.
• Agriculture and food processing: The agricultural sector in Moldova plays an important role in the country's economy. There is a demand for specialists in agricultural engineering, agronomy, food processing, quality control and agricultural project management.
• International development and non-governmental organizations: Moldova is home to numerous international development projects and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) focusing on areas such as community development, social services, environmental protection and human rights. These organizations often need foreign professionals with relevant experience.

What are the portals for job search in Moldova?

Although there are not many specialized job portals for foreigners in Moldova, there are several online platforms where job seekers can find employment opportunities:

• 999.md (www.999.md): This is a leading job site in Moldova where you can find vacancies in various fields, including IT, finance, sales, marketing, and more. You can find both full-time and part-time jobs here.
• Rabota.md (www.rabota.md): Rabota.md is a comprehensive employment portal in Moldova, offering a wide range of vacancies. It covers various industries and provides search filters to help job seekers find relevant opportunities. It also allows job seekers to create profiles and upload resumes.
• Glassdoor (www.glassdoor.com): Although not specific to Moldova, Glassdoor is a global job portal that includes job listings from companies operating in Moldova. It provides company reviews, salaries, and interview experiences to help job seekers make informed decisions.
• LinkedIn (www.linkedin.com): LinkedIn is a professional networking platform that is widely used in Moldova. Many companies in the country post their job openings on LinkedIn, making it a valuable resource for job seekers. Building a strong profile and networking with professionals in your field can also lead to potential job opportunities.

In addition, it is worth noting that some companies in Moldova prefer to post job vacancies on their own websites rather than relying solely on job portals. Therefore, it may be useful to directly visit the websites of the companies you are interested in or contact them to inquire about employment opportunities.

Starting a business in Moldova for foreigners involves several steps:

Business structures: Choose the appropriate legal form for your business. The most common options include a limited liability company (LLC), a joint-stock company, or a representative office;

Company registration:Register your business with the Moldovan authorities. Prepare the necessary documentation, including the company's articles of association, identity documents of shareholders/directors, and proof of the registered office address. Submit the application to the Public Services Agency (PSA) or the local Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

Can you start a business in Moldova?

Only 1 director and 1 shareholder of any nationality are required to register a Moldovan company. The minimum paid-up share capital is USD 300; After establishing a business in Moldova, all local companies must submit annual financial statements to the Commercial Registry of Moldova.

Legal requirements: Familiarize yourself with the legal requirements and regulations governing doing business in Moldova. This includes compliance with tax obligations, labor laws, licensing requirements (if applicable to your industry), and any industry-specific regulations.

Local representation:If you are not a resident of Moldova, you may need to appoint a local representative or agent to handle certain administrative and legal matters on behalf of your business. This is especially true for non-EU nationals.

Taxation:Find out the tax obligations for your business in Moldova. Register and get a tax identification number. Familiarize yourself with the local tax system, including corporate income tax, value added tax (VAT), and social security contributions.

Business permits and licenses: Depending on your industry, you may need certain permits or licenses to operate legally. Research the requirements that apply to your business sector and make sure you obtain the necessary permits.

Banking and finance:Open a business bank account in Moldova to carry out financial transactions related to your business activities. Consult with local banks to determine the requirements and choose the most suitable banking services for your needs.

Protecting intellectual property:Consider protecting your intellectual property rights in Moldova by registering trademarks, patents or copyrights. This can protect your business interests and prevent unauthorized use of your intellectual property.

Local market research: Conduct thorough market research to understand the local business landscape, consumer preferences, competition, and potential demand for your products or services. This will help you develop effective strategies for entering and operating in the Moldovan market.

Useful resources on starting a business in Moldova:

"Business Services Portal (www.servicii.gov.md): This official portal provides comprehensive information on various aspects of doing business in Moldova. It offers guidance on company registration, permits, licenses, taxation, and other administrative procedures.

"Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Republic of Moldova" (www.chamber.md): The official website of the Moldovan Chamber of Commerce and Industry offers resources and services for businesses, including access to trade-related information, business development support, and networking opportunities.

"State Agency for Intellectual Property of Moldova" (AGEPI) (www.agepi.gov.md): This portal provides information and services related to the protection of intellectual property in Moldova. It offers guidance on trademark, patent, industrial design and copyright registration.

"Public Services Agency" (www.asp.gov.md): The Public Services Agency (PSA) is responsible for various administrative services in Moldova, including company registration and documentation. The official website provides access to the necessary forms, regulations and instructions for business registration.

Moldovan visa type C or short-stay visa, which is issued to foreign nationals who have a visa regime and allows them to enter Moldova for up to 90 days within a 180-day period for tourism, business trips, attending cultural and sporting events, business trips and other short-term trips.

You need a visa to Moldova if you are not a citizen of a country that has a visa-free regime agreement with Moldova (i.e. you are exempt from obtaining a Moldovan visa). Check the list of countries here.

Requirements for a type C visa or short-stay visa to Moldova

To obtain a visa, you must have the following documents with you when traveling to Moldova and appear before the immigration service:

- Printed electronic visa of Moldova

- A passport or other travel document issued within the last ten years and valid for at least another three months after the date of departure from Moldova.

- Health insurance covering at least 30,000 euros for the period of stay in the country

- A recent 35 mm x 45 mm color photograph

- Letter of invitation from the Bureau for Migration and Asylum

Or, alternatively, a visa or residence permit issued by an EU member state

- Proof of sufficient funds to cover the costs of your stay. You must have at least 30 euros per day, but not less than 300 euros, even if your stay does not exceed 10 days.

- Proof of a round-trip ticket or a driver's license, green card, and vehicle registration documents if you will be driving.

- Proof of residence in Moldova, such as a hotel reservation.

- If you are traveling for business: A letter from the company or organization inviting you.

Moldovan labor law regulates the rights and obligations of both employers and employees in labor relations:

Employment contracts: Employment contracts in Moldova can be either fixed-term or indefinite. The contract must specify the essential terms and conditions, such as job duties, working hours, salary, duration and terms of termination.

Minimum age: The minimum age for employment in Moldova is generally 16 years old. However, children aged 15 and older may work with the consent of their parents or guardians under certain conditions, such as part-time work or vocational training.

Working hours:The standard working week in Moldova is 40 hours, usually divided into five working days. Overtime is allowed but must be compensated at a higher rate. The law also provides for rest periods and the right to annual vacation.

Salaries and benefits: The minimum wage in Moldova is determined by the government and is subject to periodic adjustment. Employers are obliged to provide certain benefits, such as paid annual leave, sick leave and maternity leave, in accordance with the law.

Starting from January 01, 2024, the minimum wage in Moldova has been revised. The minimum wage is 5,000 Moldovan Lei (MDL) per month.

Nondiscrimination and equal treatment: Moldovan labor law prohibits discrimination in employment based on factors such as gender, race, nationality, religion, disability or social status. It also provides for equal pay for equal work.

Termination of employment: Employment may be terminated by both the employer and the employee. Termination of employment may occur by mutual agreement of the parties, expiration of the employment contract, dismissal for good reason or dismissal with notice or compensation. Specific procedures and grounds for dismissal are set out in the law.

Collective bargaining and trade unions: Employees in Moldova have the right to form and join trade unions to protect their rights and interests.

Health and safety: Employers are obliged to provide a safe and healthy working environment for their employees. They must comply with the relevant occupational health and safety regulations and take the necessary measures to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of employees.

Finding a job in Moldova for a foreigner may require some effort and preparation. Here are some tips to help you in your job search:

Study the labor market:Start by researching the labor market in Moldova to understand which industries are thriving and which professions are in demand. Explore sectors such as IT, finance, agriculture, tourism, and international organizations.

Language skills: While English is spoken in some industries, knowing Romanian or Russian can greatly improve your chances of getting a job. Consider taking language courses or using language learning resources to improve your language skills.

Networking: Networking is crucial in the Moldovan labor market. Try to communicate with local professionals, attend industry events, join online forums or social media groups, and interact with professional organizations.

Online job portals and websites: Use online job portals and websites specific to Moldova, such as local job boards and recruitment platforms. Popular sites include 999.md, Joblist.md, or LinkedIn, where you can find job openings from local and international companies operating in Moldova.

Contact recruitment agencies:Contact recruitment agencies that specialize in the employment of foreign workers in Moldova. They can help you find suitable vacancies and provide advice throughout the employment process.

Consider volunteering or internships: Volunteering or interning with organizations in Moldova can be a valuable way to gain local experience, build connections, and showcase your skills. It can also pave the way for potential employment opportunities in the future.

Prepare a well-written resume and cover letter: Prepare your resume and cover letter according to the requirements of the job you are applying for. Emphasize your relevant skills, experience and achievements. Emphasize any international experience or cross-cultural competencies that may be helpful.