In 2025, Romania introduced significant changes to its citizenship law, aimed at improving security and simplifying the procedure for obtaining citizenship. Find out how these innovations affect the application process and what ways to obtain citizenship are currently available

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Romania has made significant changes to its citizenship law to enhance security and simplify the application process. The new rules, signed by interim President Ilie Boloian, include the introduction of digital programs, the collection of biometric data, and stricter eligibility criteria.

Read about the available ways to obtain Romanian citizenship in 2025 in this article.

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Changes to the procedure for obtaining Romanian citizenship in 2025

The main change is the complete digitalization of the Romanian citizenship application process. Now, applicants for citizenship can apply online, monitor their status, and manage their documents through a special platform.

The country is also introducing a new biometric citizenship card, which will replace the traditional ID card. This increases the level of security and meets international standards.

Paths to Romanian Citizenship in 2025

The revised 2025 rules for obtaining Romanian citizenship abolish the automatic right to citizenship for stateless persons and foreign citizens.

Obtaining Romanian citizenship in 2025 provides for several paths, each with specific eligibility criteria, application procedure and document requirements. Below is an overview of the main methods.

Romanian Citizenship by Naturalization

Foreign citizens or stateless persons residing in Romania, including representatives of Andorra, Nepal and Ethiopia, may apply for citizenship by naturalization if they meet the following criteria:

- Requirements for obtaining citizenship by naturalization

1. At least 8 years of legal residence in Romania or 5 years of legal residence if you are married to a Romanian citizen.

2. Age – over 18 years.

3. Demonstrate good conduct and loyalty to the Romanian state.

4. Have sufficient financial means to support oneself.

5. Prove knowledge of the Romanian language and culture.

Important! Certain categories, such as EU citizens, refugees, internationally recognized individuals or investors (those investing more than 1,000,000 euros), may have reduced residency requirements.

- Procedure for applying for Romanian citizenship by naturalization

Step 1 – Fill out the application

Fill out the citizenship application form in Romanian.

Step 2 – Prepare the documents

Prepare a package of documents:

- passport;

- civil status documents such as birth or marriage certificates;

- certificate of no criminal record;

- relevant documents confirming the applicant’s contribution to Romanian culture and civilization;

- 4 recent color photographs 3.5 cm x 4.5 cm

All documents must be translated into Romanian and notarized.

Step 3 – Upload documents online and schedule an appointment to submit them

The General Immigration Inspectorate asks that you upload your documents online and then submit them in person. Once your application is approved, you can schedule a visit date on the National Authority for Citizenship website to submit your documents in person.

Step 4 – Pay the fee

The fee for submitting the declaration is 220 euros for adults and 100 euros for minors. Payment is made in Romanian lei.

Step 5 – Submit your documents in person

Visit the National Authority for Citizenship at: Bucharest, Smardan Street 3, at the appointed time to submit your documents.

Step 6 – Wait for your interview

The processing of applications takes on average up to 6 months, although the process can be delayed. You can check the status of your application on the website of the National Authority for Citizenship. If your application is approved, you will be assigned a date and time for your interview.

Step 7 – Take the interview

During the interview, you must demonstrate a high level of proficiency in the Romanian language (both oral and written) and knowledge of Romanian culture, history and the Constitution.

Step 8 – Wait for the decision of the commission

The review process can take between 8 and 14 months. The citizenship approval will be sent to your address in Romania.

Step 9 – Take the oath and receive your citizenship certificate

Register to take the oath of allegiance to Romania and receive your citizenship certificate.

Romanian Citizenship by Origin

People with Romanian roots may be eligible for citizenship by origin. In particular, the country has a repatriation program for foreign citizens whose ancestors lived in the former Kingdom of Romania during the interwar period.

- Requirements for an applicant to obtain citizenship by origin

Confirmation that at least one of the parents, grandfather, grandmother or great-grandfather was a citizen of Romania.

- Package of documents for obtaining Romanian citizenship

1. Birth, marriage and death certificates of ancestors.

2. Documents confirming the status of the ancestor's Romanian citizenship.

3. Certificate of no criminal record.

4. Recent color photographs (3.5 cm x 4.5 cm). 

- Procedure for applying for Romanian citizenship by origin

Step 1 – Confirm your Romanian roots.

Tracing family ties can be difficult, but organizations with access to Romanian archives can help you with this process.

Step 2 – Preparing and submitting documents.

You can submit the necessary documents in person at the Romanian consulate in your country or through an online platform.

Step 3 – Waiting for the application to be approved.

The process of obtaining Romanian citizenship by descent can take up to 5 years, so be prepared for a long wait.

Step 4 – Oath of Allegiance.

Once your application is approved, you will need to take an oath of allegiance to Romania, which is given in Romanian, and answer a few simple questions.

Step 5 – Obtaining the citizenship certificate.

After taking the oath, you will receive the citizenship certificate, which is required to obtain a Romanian passport.

Citizenship by birth or adoption in Romania

Children born to at least one Romanian parent, regardless of their place of birth, acquire Romanian citizenship.

Children adopted by Romanian citizens also automatically acquire citizenship.

What is the oath of allegiance in Romania?

The oath of allegiance in Romania reads as follows:

“I swear allegiance to the Romanian country and the Romanian people, I swear to defend the rights and national interests, and to respect the Constitution and laws of Romania!”

This oath is taken in the presence of the President or Vice-President of the National Authority for Citizenship and the Minister of Justice.

Does Romania allow dual citizenship?

Romania recognizes dual citizenship, so you do not need to give up your other passport. Dual citizenship grants equal rights, such as the right to vote, pay taxes, and perform military service, if required by law.

However, some countries do not allow dual citizenship, so check if your country allows it before applying for Romanian citizenship.

Benefits of Romanian Citizenship

Here are some of the main benefits of Romanian citizenship:

1. Freedom of movement within the EU

As a Romanian citizen, you have the right to travel, work and reside freely in any country of the European Union. This gives you great opportunities for career growth, study and business in EU countries without the need to obtain additional visas or permits.

2. The right to visa-free entry to most countries

Romania is part of the European Union, so its citizens have the right to visa-free entry to over 180 countries around the world, including the USA, Canada, Japan, Australia and many others. This greatly simplifies international travel and business trips.

3. Access to the EU healthcare system

As a Romanian citizen, you will have access to high-quality healthcare within the European Union. All EU countries have similar standards of healthcare services, and you will be able to receive the necessary treatment in any of them.

4. Business Opportunities

Romania offers a favorable business environment, with low corporate income taxes (16%) and access to the EU single market. This can be a big plus for entrepreneurs who want to do business not only in Romania, but also throughout the European Union.

5. Free or affordable education

Romania has a high-quality education system, including universities that often offer affordable tuition. Romanian citizens can study at the country’s universities at significantly lower rates than foreigners. You will also have access to free education in other EU countries.

6. Social benefits and pensions

Romanian citizens are entitled to social benefits, pensions and other benefits provided by the state. This includes access to state healthcare, unemployment benefits, retirement benefits and social assistance if needed.

7. Tax Benefits

Romania has a competitive tax system with low rates for both individuals and corporations. There are also a number of tax benefits for foreign investors and entrepreneurs, which can be beneficial for those who want to do business in Romania or the EU.

The process of obtaining citizenship can be complicated, so it is advisable to consult with legal experts or immigration specialists to ensure that all requirements are met and to facilitate the application process.

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Recall! Romania attracts expats with reasonable prices and picturesque landscapes. The country is also one of the most comfortable places to live. We have already talked in detail about the prices of food, utilities and transport, as well as the monthly budget.

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